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	<title>Rob's Blob &#187; American History</title>
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	<description>The Best of My Brain</description>
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		<title>How Our Demented Capitalist System Made America Insane</title>
		<link>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2012/05/15/how-our-demented-capitalist-system-made-america-insane/</link>
		<comments>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2012/05/15/how-our-demented-capitalist-system-made-america-insane/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 15 May 2012 15:08:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Robert Coss</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[My Government]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[American History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Christianity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Corporatism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fascism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Media]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Serving Mammon]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[&#8220;We live in an age when news consists of&#8230;Kim Kardashian’s denial that she is the naked woman cooking eggs in a photo circulating on the Internet. &#8221; Hedges: How Our Demented Capitalist System Made America Insane &#124; Economy &#124; AlterNet &#8230; <a href="http://robertcoss.com/blog/2012/05/15/how-our-demented-capitalist-system-made-america-insane/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;We live in an age when news consists of&#8230;Kim Kardashian’s denial that she is the naked woman cooking eggs in a photo circulating on the Internet. &#8221;</p>
<ul class="diigo-linkroll">
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<p class="diigo-link"><a href="http://www.alternet.org/economy/155213/hedges%3A_how_our_demented_capitalist_system_made_america_insane/?page=entire">Hedges: How Our Demented Capitalist System Made America Insane | Economy | AlterNet</a></p>
<ul class="diigo-annotations">
<li>
<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">When civilizations start to die they go insane. Let the ice sheets in the Arctic melt. Let the temperatures rise. Let the air, soil and water be poisoned. Let the forests die. Let the seas be emptied of life. Let one useless war after another be waged. Let the masses be thrust into extreme poverty and left without jobs while the elites, drunk on hedonism, accumulate vast fortunes through exploitation, speculation, fraud and theft.</div>
</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">Reality, at the end, gets unplugged. We live in an age when news consists of Snooki’s pregnancy, Hulk Hogan’s sex tape and Kim Kardashian’s denial that she is the naked woman cooking eggs in a photo circulating on the Internet. Politicians, including presidents, appear on late night comedy shows to do gags and they campaign on issues such as creating a moon colony.</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">The quest by a bankrupt elite in the final days of empire to accumulate greater and greater wealth, as Karl Marx observed, is modern society’s version of primitive fetishism. This quest, as there is less and less to exploit, leads to mounting repression, increased human suffering, a collapse of infrastructure and, finally, collective death. It is the self-deluded, those on Wall Street or among the political elite, those who entertain and inform us, those who lack the capacity to question the lusts that will ensure our self-annihilation, who are held up as exemplars of intelligence, success and progress.</div>
</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">The World Health Organization calculates that one in four people in the United States suffers from chronic anxiety, a mood disorder or depression—which seems to me to be a normal reaction to our march toward collective suicide. Welcome to the asylum.</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">When the most basic elements that sustain life are reduced to a cash product, life has no intrinsic value.</div>
</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">Those who held on to pre-modern beliefs, such as Native Americans, who structured themselves around a communal life and self-sacrifice rather than hoarding and wage exploitation, could not be accommodated within the ethic of capitalist exploitation, the cult of the self and the lust for imperial expansion.</div>
</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">The war on the Native Americans, like the wars waged by colonialists around the globe, was waged to eradicate not only a people but a competing ethic. The older form of human community was antithetical and hostile to capitalism, the primacy of the technological state and the demands of empire.</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">Native Americans, especially the Iroquois, provided the governing model for the union of the American colonies</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">Marx, though he placed a naive faith in the power of the state to create his workers’ utopia and discounted important social and cultural forces outside of economics, was acutely aware that something essential to human dignity and independence had been lost with the destruction of pre-modern societies.</div>
</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">The Iroquois Council of the <a href="http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/history/indianclans.htm" rel="nofollow">Gens</a>, where Indians came together to be heard as ancient Athenians did, was, Marx noted, a “democratic assembly where every adult male and female member had a voice upon all questions brought before it.” Marx lauded the active participation of women in tribal affairs, writing, “The women [were] allowed to express their wishes and opinions through an orator of their own election. Decision given by the Council. Unanimity was a fundamental law of its action among the Iroquois.” European women on the Continent and in the colonies had no equivalent power.</div>
</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">Rebuilding this older vision of community, one based on cooperation rather than exploitation, will be as important to our survival as changing our patterns of consumption, growing food locally and ending our dependence on fossil fuels.</div>
</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">Seventeenth century European philosophy and the Enlightenment, meanwhile, exalted the separation of human beings from the natural world, a belief also embraced by the Bible.</div>
</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">The demented project of endless capitalist expansion, profligate consumption, senseless exploitation and industrial growth is now imploding. Corporate hustlers are as blind to the ramifications of their self-destructive fury as were Custer, the gold speculators and the railroad magnates. They seized Indian land, killed off its inhabitants, slaughtered the buffalo herds and cut down the forests. Their heirs wage war throughout the Middle East, pollute the seas and water systems, foul the air and soil and gamble with commodities as half the globe sinks into abject poverty and misery. The Book of Revelation defines this single-minded drive for profit as handing over authority to the “beast.”</div>
</div>
</li>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">The conflation of technological advancement with human progress leads to self-worship. Reason makes possible the calculations, science and technological advances of industrial civilization, but reason does not connect us with the forces of life. A society that loses the capacity for the sacred, that lacks the power of human imagination, that cannot practice empathy, ultimately ensures its own destruction.</div>
</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">The Native Americans understood there are powers and forces we can never control and must honor. They knew, as did the ancient Greeks, that hubris is the deadliest curse of the human race. This is a lesson that we will probably have to learn for ourselves at the cost of tremendous suffering.</div>
</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">The anthropologist <a href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/392246/Lewis-Henry-Morgan" rel="nofollow">Lewis Henry Morgan</a>, who in 1846 was “adopted” by the Seneca, one of the tribes belonging to the Iroquois confederation, wrote in “Ancient Society” about social evolution among American Indians. Marx noted approvingly, in his “Ethnological Notebooks,” Morgan’s insistence on the historical and social importance of “imagination, that great faculty so largely contributing to the elevation of mankind.” Imagination, as the Shakespearean scholar Harold C. Goddard pointed out, “is neither the language of nature nor the language of man, but both at once, the medium of communion between the two. &#8230; Imagination is the <em>elemental speech</em> in all senses, the first and the last, of primitive man and of the poets.”</div>
</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">All that concerns itself with beauty and truth, with those forces that have the power to transform us, is being steadily extinguished by our corporate state. Art. Education. Literature. Music. Theater. Dance. Poetry. Philosophy. Religion. Journalism. None of these disciplines are worthy in the corporate state of support or compensation. These are pursuits that, even in our universities, are condemned as impractical. But it is only through the impractical, through that which can empower our imagination, that we will be rescued as a species. The prosaic world of news events, the collection of scientific and factual data, stock market statistics and the sterile recording of deeds as history do not permit us to understand the <em>elemental speech</em> of imagination. We will never penetrate the mystery of creation, or the meaning of existence, if we do not recover this older language. Poetry shows a man his soul, Goddard wrote, “as a looking glass does his face.” And it is our souls that the culture of imperialism, business and technology seeks to crush.</div>
</div>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner"><a href="http://books.google.com/books?id=BUpy84dJzZsC&amp;pg=PA288&amp;lpg=PA288&amp;dq=walter+benjamin+%2B+%22conditioned+by+religion,%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=jpOT_WGmPz&amp;sig=i76t8CNCiaL8vg_npGnv8WoTsYU&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=Z4ScT-G9GKeliQL-68BG&amp;ved=0CB4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false" rel="nofollow">Walter Benjamin</a> argued that capitalism is not only a formation “conditioned by religion,” but is an “essentially religious phenomenon,” albeit one that no longer seeks to connect humans with the mysterious forces of life. Capitalism, as Benjamin observed, called on human societies to embark on a ceaseless and futile quest for money and goods. This quest, he warned, perpetuates a culture dominated by guilt, a sense of inadequacy and self-loathing. It enslaves nearly all its adherents through wages, subservience to the commodity culture and debt peonage.</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">The suffering visited on Native Americans, once Western expansion was complete, was soon endured by others, in Cuba, the Philippines, Nicaragua, the Dominican Republic, Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan. The final chapter of this sad experiment in human history will see us sacrificed as those on the outer reaches of empire were sacrificed.</div>
</div>
</li>
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<div class="diigoContent">
<div class="diigoContentInner">There is a kind of justice to this. We profited as a nation from this demented vision, we remained passive and silent when we should have denounced the crimes committed in our name, and now that the game is up we all go down together.</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
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</ul>
<p class="diigo-ps">Posted from <a href="http://www.diigo.com">Diigo</a>. The rest of my favorite links are <a href="http://www.diigo.com/user/robertcoss">here</a>.</p>
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		<title>2nd of 11 American Uprisings You&#8217;ve Never Heard of That Changed the World</title>
		<link>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2011/10/29/2nd-of-11-american-uprisings-youve-never-heard-of-that-changed-the-world/</link>
		<comments>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2011/10/29/2nd-of-11-american-uprisings-youve-never-heard-of-that-changed-the-world/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 29 Oct 2011 14:18:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Robert Coss</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[My Government]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[1st Amendment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[American History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Solutions]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[ clipped from www.alternet.org Each of these movements won lasting social change. Their limitations provide lessons about what not to do, while their successes offer a guide to future action. October 21, 2011 As far as major protests go, the United &#8230; <a href="http://robertcoss.com/blog/2011/10/29/2nd-of-11-american-uprisings-youve-never-heard-of-that-changed-the-world/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
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<div class="teaser">Each of these movements won lasting social change. Their limitations provide lessons about what not to do, while their successes offer a guide to future action.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><em>October 21, 2011</em></div>
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<p>As far as major protests go, the United States experienced a period of relative quiet from 1980 until 2011. For 30 years after Ronald Reagan broke the PATCO strike, “class war” in America was largely one sided. America’s working class took hit after hit without much in the way of a response.</p>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<p>While Occupy Wall Street has been in the news of late, uprisings of the American working class are actually nothing new. In fact, the United States boasts a long track record of actions against corporations and the government. Here are 11 of those uprisings that Occupy Wall Street protesters and everyone else seeking social change would do well to study. Each of these movements won lasting social change. Their failures and limitations provide lessons about what not to do, while their successes offer a guide to future action.</p>
</div>
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<p><strong>2. Great Railroad Strike (1877)</strong></p>
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<p>The postbellum political and economic landscape was a brave new world for everyone. With slavery demolished, Union and Confederate soldiers returned, overflowing the labor market. By 1873, the Long Depression (known as the Great Depression until the 1930s) of Europe infected the United States. The rapid, unrestrained growth of the American economy, built on the expansion of rail, ground to a dead halt. Add to this an election many considered rigged or stolen and some kind of social unrest was a foregone conclusion. When the Baltimore &amp; Ohio line cut wages for the second time in a year, the nation exploded.</p>
<p>Centered in Maryland, Pennsylvania, Illinois and Missouri, the Great Railroad Strike was no friendly, police-approved picket line; it was more analogous to the Great Slave Rebellion of Spartacus. Rail traffic literally ceased in key cities like Pittsburgh. The United States Supreme Court declared the strikes (and all strikes for that matter) illegal.</p>
<p>When the strike moved to St. Louis, America stood on the precipice of real insurrection. The Knights of Labor, one of America’s earliest trade unions and the Workingmen’s Party, affiliate of the Marxist International Workingmen’s Association and forerunner of the Socialist Labor Party, led a demonstration into East St. Louis, setting the stage for the first general strike in United States history.</p>
<p>Perhaps the most militant outpouring of public anger during the Great Rail Strike, the St. Louis General Strike called for (at the time) radical reforms like an eight-hour workday and abolition of child labor. When a black steamboat worker asked an assembled crowd “Will you stand to us regardless of color?” the crowd uniformly responded, “We will!” Without bloodshed, the strikers took over transportation and other industries.</p>
<p>The strike served as the template for later strikes, most importantly the strike wave of the 1930s. Lasting about a month and a half, the strike ended only after President Hayes sent federal troops into combat against American citizens.</p>
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		<title>1 of 11 American Uprisings You&#8217;ve Never Heard of That Changed the World</title>
		<link>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2011/10/27/1-of-11-american-uprisings-youve-never-heard-of-that-changed-the-world/</link>
		<comments>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2011/10/27/1-of-11-american-uprisings-youve-never-heard-of-that-changed-the-world/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 28 Oct 2011 05:06:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Robert Coss</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[My Government]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[1st Amendment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[American History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Solutions]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[ clipped from www.alternet.org Beyond Occupy Wall Street: 11 American Uprisings You&#8217;ve Never Heard of That Changed the World Each of these movements won lasting social change. Their limitations provide lessons about what not to do, while their successes offer a &#8230; <a href="http://robertcoss.com/blog/2011/10/27/1-of-11-american-uprisings-youve-never-heard-of-that-changed-the-world/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<h1>Beyond Occupy Wall Street: 11 American Uprisings You&#8217;ve Never Heard of That Changed the World</h1>
</div>
<hr style="margin: 2px 4px;" size="2" />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div class="teaser">Each of these movements won lasting social change. Their limitations provide lessons about what not to do, while their successes offer a guide to future action.</div>
</div>
<hr style="margin: 2px 4px;" size="2" />
<div style="text-align: left;"><em>October 21, 2011</em></div>
<hr style="margin: 2px 4px;" size="2" />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<p>As far as major protests go, the United States experienced a period of relative quiet from 1980 until 2011. For 30 years after Ronald Reagan broke the PATCO strike, “class war” in America was largely one sided. America’s working class took hit after hit without much in the way of a response.</p>
</div>
<hr style="margin: 2px 4px;" size="2" />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<p>While Occupy Wall Street has been in the news of late, uprisings of the American working class are actually nothing new. In fact, the United States boasts a long track record of actions against corporations and the government. Here are 11 of those uprisings that Occupy Wall Street protesters and everyone else seeking social change would do well to study. Each of these movements won lasting social change. Their failures and limitations provide lessons about what not to do, while their successes offer a guide to future action.</p>
</div>
<hr style="margin: 2px 4px;" size="2" />
<div style="text-align: left;"><strong>1. Lowell Mill Women’s Strikes (1834 and 1836) </strong></div>
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<p>Some of America’s earliest labor strikes, the Lowell Mill women’s strikes bear more than passing similarity to contemporary events. A booming economy led to plentiful jobs with higher wages. When the economy cooled, capital imposed a 15 percent wage cut at the Lowell mills. There wasn’t even a word for “strike” yet, but the overwhelmingly female workforce did just that. The first strike in 1834 failed, with women heading out of town or returning to work at poverty wages.</p>
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<p>While the 1834 strike failed, women learned lessons from the bitter, pitched battle in the streets of Lowell, MA. By 1836, the economy degraded further. A rent increase at company boardinghouses acted as the spark to the powder keg. Women formed the Factory Girls’ Association to lead another strike. The second strike lasted several weeks, ending with a victory for the mill workers.</p>
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<p>The significance of the Lowell Mill Strike of 1836 lies beyond merely defeating a rent hike. The strike won broad community support, a strategy essential at winning strikes. It was also the first time a woman spoke in public in Lowell. The strike stands as an early example of the power of organized labor, and offers lessons for how labor can draw in the broader community. Finally, the organized withdrawal of funds from local banks finds echoes in today’s “Move Your Money” movement, where people withdraw money from corporate banks, moving them to community banks and credit unions.</p>
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		<title>Smedley Butler &amp; George Bush</title>
		<link>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2011/02/09/smedley-butler-george-bush/</link>
		<comments>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2011/02/09/smedley-butler-george-bush/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 09 Feb 2011 12:33:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Robert Coss</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[My Government]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[American History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bush Administration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fascism]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://robertcoss.com/blog/?p=2595</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Who is this man and what does he have to do with George Bush? clipped from www.tecom.usmc.mil UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS HISTORY DIVISION Who&#8217;s Who in Marine Corps History MAJOR GENERAL SMEDLEY D. BUTLER, USMC (DECEASED) Vera Cruz 1914 Medal &#8230; <a href="http://robertcoss.com/blog/2011/02/09/smedley-butler-george-bush/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
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<div style="padding: 8px;">Who is this man and what does he have to do with George Bush?</div>
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<div><a href="http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Home_Page.htm"> <img src="http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who/../IMAGES/Common/HD_header_logo.gif" border="0" alt="United States Marine Corps History Division header linked to Home Page" width="79" height="73" align="left" /></a><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times,serif; font-size: large;"><strong><span style="color: #990000;">U</span><span style="font-size: medium;">NITED </span><span style="font-size: large;">S</span>TATES <span style="font-size: large;">M</span>ARINE <span style="font-size: large;">C</span>ORPS</strong></span><span style="color: #996600;"><br />
<strong><span style="color: #ffffff; font-size: x-large;">H</span><span style="color: #ffffff;">ISTORY </span><span style="font-size: x-large;">D</span>IV</strong></span><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>ISION</strong></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: #990000; font-size: small;">Who&#8217;s                        Who in Marine Corps History</span></div>
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<p><a href="http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/images/Whos_Who/Hi_Res/ButlerSD.jpg"><img src="http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who/../images/Whos_Who/Butler_SD.jpg" border="2" alt="MAJOR GENERAL SMEDLEY D. BUTLER" width="120" height="150" align="left" /></a><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">MAJOR                                GENERAL<br />
SMEDLEY D. BUTLER, USMC </span></p>
<div><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"> (DECEASED) </span></div>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"> <a href="http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who/../MOH/Vera_Cruz_1914.htm">Vera                                Cruz 1914 Medal of Honor Recipient</a></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"> <a href="http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who/../MOH/Haitian_Campaigns.htm">Haitian                                Campaign 19<span lang="en-us">15</span> Medal of Honor Recipient</a></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"> <img src="http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who/../images/Common/arrow_01.gif" border="0" alt="Click for larger image" width="10" height="10" align="absmiddle" /> <strong><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/images/Whos_Who/Hi_Res/ButlerSD.jpg">CLICK                              HERE OR THUMBNAIL FOR LARGER IMAGE</a></span></strong></span></td>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Major General Smedley                              D<span lang="en-us">. </span>Butler, one of the most colorful officers                              in the Marine Corps&#8217; long history, was one of the                              two Marines who received two Medals of Honor for separate                              acts of outstanding heroism. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">He was not yet 20 when the citizens of his native                                West Chester, Pennsylvania, presented him with a                                sword on his return from the Boxer Rebellion in                                China. Some 50 years later that trophy was presented                                to the Marine Corps for permanent custody. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p>
<p><span lang="en-us"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Smedley  							Darlington</span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Butler, later known to thousands of Marines                                as &#8220;Ol&#8217; Gimlet Eye,&#8221; was born 30 July                                1881. He was the son of Thomas S. Butler, a Representative                                in Congress from the Delaware-Chester County district                                of Pennsylvania for over three decades and a longtime                                chairman of the House Naval Affairs Committee.  							<span lang="en-us">He</span> was still in his teens when, on 20 May 1898,                                he was appointed a second lieutenant in the Marine                                Corps during the Spanish-American War. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Following                                a brief period of instruction at Washington, D.C.,                                he served with the Marine Battalion, North Atlantic                                Squadron, until 11 February 1899, when he was ordered                                home and honorably discharged on 16 February 1899.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">He was commissioned a first lieutenant in the Marine                                Corps on 8 April 1899; promoted to captain, 23 July                                1900; to major, 13 May 1908; to lieutenant colonel,                                1 August 1916; to colonel (temporary), 1 July 1918;                                to brigadier general (temporary), 7 October 1918;                                to colonel (permanent), 9 March 1919; to brigadier                                general (permanent), 4 June 1920; and to major general,                                5 July 1929. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In April                                1899, 1stLt Butler was assigned to duty with the                                Marine Battalion at Manila, Philippine Islands.                                From 14 June to October 1900, he served with distinction                                in China, and was promoted to captain by brevet                                for distinguished conduct and public service in                                the presence of the enemy near Tientsin, China.                                He was wounded in that battle on 13 July 1900. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Returning                                to the United States in January 1901, he served                                at various posts within the continental limits and                                on several ships. He also served ashore in Puerto                                Rico and the Isthmus of Panama for short periods.                                In December 1909, he commanded the 3d Battalion,                                1st Regiment on the Isthmus of Panama. He was temporarily                                detached to command an expeditionary battalion organized                                for service in Nicaragua, 11 August 1912, in which                                capacity he participated in the bombardment, assault                                and capture of Coyotepe, 12-31 October. He remained                                on duty in Nicaragua until November 1912, when he                                rejoined the Marines at Camp Elliott, Panama. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">His first                                Medal of Honor was presented following action at                                Vera Cruz, Mexico, 21-22 April 1914, where he commanded                                the Marines who landed and occupied the city. Maj                                Butler &#8220;was eminent and conspicuous in command                                of his Battalion. He exhibited courage and skill                                in leading his men through the action of the 22nd                                and in the final occupation of the city.&#8221; </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The following                                year, he was awarded the second Medal of Honor for                                bravery and forceful leadership as Commanding Officer                                of detachments of Marines and seamen of the USS                                <em>Connecticut</em> in repulsing Caco resistance                                on Fort Riviere, Haiti, 17 November 1915. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">During                                World War I, he commanded the 13th Regiment in France.                                For exceptionally meritorious service, he was awarded                                the Army Distinguished Service Medal, the Navy Distinguished                                Service Medal, and the French Order of the Black                                Star. When he returned to the United States in 1919,                                he became Commanding General of the Marine Barracks,                                Quantico, Virginia, and served in this capacity                                until January 1924, when he was granted leave of                                absence to accept the post of Director of Public                                Safety of the City of Philadelphia. In February                                1926, he assumed command of the Marine Corps Base                                at San Diego, California. In March 1927, he returned                                to China for duty with the 3d Marine Brigade. From                                April to 31 October he again commanded the Marine                                Barracks at Quantico. On 1 October 1931, he was                                retired upon his own application after completion                                of 33 years&#8217; service in the Marine Corps. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Major                                General Butler died at the Naval Hospital, Philadelphia,                                on 21 June 1940, following a four-week illness. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">The                                USS <em>Butler</em>, a destroyer, later converted                                to a high speed minesweeper, was named for MajGen                                Butler in 1942. This vessel participated in the                                European and Pacific theaters of operations during                                the second World War.</span></p>
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<p><span lang="en-us"><strong><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> Vera Cruz<br />
</span></strong></span> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> <a href="http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who/../PDF_Files/MOH%20Citations/G.O.%20177.pdf">Original General Order</a> <a href="http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who/../PDF_Files/MOH%20Citations/Butler,%20Smedley%20D.-Vera%20Cruz.pdf">Medal of Honor Citation</a></span></p>
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<p><span lang="en-us"><strong> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Haiti<br />
</span></strong></span> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> <a href="http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who/../PDF_Files/MOH%20Citations/Butler,%20Smedley-Haiti.pdf">Medal of Honor Citation</a></span></p>
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		<title>April Fool&#8217;s Day Moved to April 15</title>
		<link>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/03/22/april-fools-day-moved-to-april-15/</link>
		<comments>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/03/22/april-fools-day-moved-to-april-15/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2009 00:06:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Robert Coss</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[My Government]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[American History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Constitution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Revolution]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[If I could I would move April Fool&#8217;s Day to April 15 to reflect how we have been fooled into paying federal income taxes even though there is no law to do so.  I would then make April 1st Common &#8230; <a href="http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/03/22/april-fools-day-moved-to-april-15/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If I could I would move April Fool&#8217;s Day to April 15 to reflect how we have been fooled into paying federal income taxes even though there is no law to do so.  I would then make April 1<sup>st</sup> Common Sense Day and start a tradition of reminding ourselves of the basic principles of a free society by reading or listening to <a href="http://www.americanaphonic.com/pages/commonsense.html" target="_blank">Common Sense</a> by Thomas Paine published in 1776.</p>
<p>Why listen to this most influential pamphlet?</p>
<p>Well, there are a number of important reasons.  First, if you have not noticed, we are losing liberty at the speed of light.  The coming economic collapse is about to make that woefully clear.  Thomas  Jefferson said, &#8220;Educate and inform the whole mass of the people&#8230; They are the only sure reliance for the preservation of our liberty.&#8221;  Only when a critical mass of people understand the simple truths that make for liberty will we regain ground in the cause of freedom.  When people feel the pain of tyranny but have their minds refreshed with these freedom friendly truths they will be guided out of their distress rather than remain under it to suffer further injury.  This will benefit us all.</p>
<p>Second, America is predominantly Christian, but this is in name only.  Most so called Christians are controlled by a mindless and destructive thought process that endangers us all.  Many so called Christians believe it is our duty to submit to government without any limits.  Not only do they practice this godless form of submission, but they advocate others to do the same resulting in many falling into the pit after them.  Common Sense has a very effective Bible Study in it dispelling this dangerous mindset.  To encourage Christians to read it I ask them, &#8220;Did you know that Common Sense has a Bible Study in it on kings?  It does, it really does.  Read it and tell me it doesn&#8217;t.&#8221;  After reading it, most &#8220;Christians&#8221; will begin to change their way of thinking.  I know because I was such a Christian and Common Sense changed my way of thinking.</p>
<p>Finally, Common Sense may be an old document but many of the problems we face today were dealt with in that eternal document.  One such problem is apathy.  Widespread apathy is probably the biggest cause of discouragement for those that care about the course of our nation, but apathy posed the same dilemma 230 years ago as well.  In fact Thomas  Jefferson alluded to apathy in the Declaration of Independence when he said, &#8220;that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed.&#8221;  And Common Sense wasn&#8217;t the only pamphlet to be circulated in its day.  In fact, over 2000 other pamphlets were written and distributed in an attempt to wake the people up and move them from despondency to action.  Although Common Sense reached only 20% of the people, this seemingly small readership, along with the help of the other pamphlets, proved to be good enough.</p>
<p>So, if I could I would move April Fool&#8217;s Day to April 15 and make April 1<sup>st</sup> Common Sense Day and challenge people to read the pamphlet.  In doing this I wonder what creative ways we could celebrate the new April Fool&#8217;s Day on April 15.  Maybe we could show the Aaron  Russo movie, <a href="http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-1656880303867390173" target="_blank">America: Freedom to Fascism</a>.  It is an excellent documentary on the Federal Reserve and our Tax System that somberly points out that there is no law for the average person to pay federal income taxes.  As a nation of laws this little fact surely paints us out to be a nation of fools.  I&#8217;m not to happy about that; knowing this kind of takes the fun out of the day, but maybe it will ultimately lead to something better.</p>
<p>So, can I ask you to do something?</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>For      April 1<sup>st</sup>, proclaim it Common Sense Day and <a href="http://www.americanaphonic.com/pages/commonsense.html">listen to      Thomas Paine&#8217;s influential message</a>, Common Sense.</li>
<li>On      April 15<sup>th</sup> watch <a href="http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-1656880303867390173">America:      Freedom to Fascism</a>.</li>
<li>Let      others know so they can update their calendars too.</li>
</ol>
<p>Interesting Facts and Figures</p>
<p>If you listened to Common Sense, and then forwarded this message to 3 others who did the same tomorrow and so on each day until April 15, do you realize how many people you would have exposed to this important information?  In just 16 days you will have reached 20% of the American population.  (I wonder what Thomas  Paine would have thought about that.)  And just 3 days after that you will have reached 20% of the world population!  A pretty mighty click of the mouse wouldn&#8217;t you say?  Maybe this is going to be a BIG revolution.</p>
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		<title>Thomas Jefferson on Counteracting Selfishness</title>
		<link>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/03/21/thomas-jefferson-on-counteracting-selfishness/</link>
		<comments>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/03/21/thomas-jefferson-on-counteracting-selfishness/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 21 Mar 2009 11:44:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Robert Coss</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[My Church]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Thomas Jefferson]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[clipped from etext.virginia.edu &#8220;Self-love&#8230; is the sole antagonist of virtue, leading us constantly by our propensities to self-gratification in violation of our moral duties to others. Accordingly, it is against this enemy that are erected the batteries of moralists and &#8230; <a href="http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/03/21/thomas-jefferson-on-counteracting-selfishness/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
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&#8220;Self-love&#8230; is the sole antagonist of virtue, leading us constantly by our propensities to self-gratification in violation of our moral duties to others.  Accordingly, it is against this enemy that are erected the batteries of moralists and religionists, as the only obstacle to the practice of morality.  Take from man his selfish propensities, and he can have nothing to seduce him from the practice of virtue.  Or subdue those propensities by education, instruction or restraint, and virtue remains without a competitor.&#8221; &#8211;Thomas Jefferson to Thomas Law, 1814.  ME 14:140</td>
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		<title>Thomas Jefferson on Moral Degeneracy</title>
		<link>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/03/09/thomas-jefferson-on-moral-degeneracy/</link>
		<comments>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/03/09/thomas-jefferson-on-moral-degeneracy/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2009 13:04:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Robert Coss</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[My Church]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[From this I would deduce that control of the education system is imperative to overthrow a free people. clipped from etext.virginia.edu &#8220;When [the moral sense] is wanting, we endeavor to supply the defect by education, by appeals to reason and &#8230; <a href="http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/03/09/thomas-jefferson-on-moral-degeneracy/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>From this I would deduce that control of the education system is imperative to overthrow a free people.</div>
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<td valign="top"><!-- CLIPPED FROM: http://etext.virginia.edu/jefferson/quotations/jeff0250.htm -->&#8220;When [the moral sense] is wanting, we endeavor to supply the defect by education, by appeals to reason and calculation, by presenting to the being so unhappily conformed, other motives to do good and to eschew evil, such as the love, or the hatred, or the rejection of those among whom he lives, and whose society is necessary to his happiness and even existence; demonstrations by sound calculation that honesty promotes interest in the long run; the rewards and penalties established by the laws; and ultimately the prospects of a future state of retribution for the evil as well as the good done while here.</td>
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<td valign="top"><!-- CLIPPED FROM: http://etext.virginia.edu/jefferson/quotations/jeff0250.htm -->These are the correctives which are supplied by education, and which exercise the functions of the moralist, the preacher, and legislator; and they lead into a course of correct action all those whose depravity is not too profound to be eradicated.&#8221; &#8211;Thomas Jefferson to Thomas Law, 1814.  ME 14:142</td>
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		<title>Thomas Jefferson on Morality in Government Administration</title>
		<link>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/03/04/thomas-jefferson-on-morality-in-government-administration/</link>
		<comments>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/03/04/thomas-jefferson-on-morality-in-government-administration/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 04 Mar 2009 13:11:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Robert Coss</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[My Government]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Thomas also has another good quote (at the site) on what religions have in common that benefit us all. When the church loses sight of its uniqueness as an institution we all suffer for it. The church needs to see &#8230; <a href="http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/03/04/thomas-jefferson-on-morality-in-government-administration/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Thomas also has another good quote (at the site) on what religions have in common that benefit us all.  When the church loses sight of its uniqueness as an institution we all suffer for it.  The church needs to see itself and the state as two separate God created institutions with two separate roles.  They are interdependent, but separate entities.  When they do what they were made to do the world receives a blessing.  When they don&#8217;t &#8211; we have what is happening today in the world.</div>
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&#8220;When we come to the moral principles on which the government is to be administered, we come to what is proper for all conditions of society&#8230;  Liberty, truth, probity, honor, are declared to be the four cardinal principles of society.  I believe&#8230; that morality, compassion, generosity, are innate elements of the human constitution; that there exists a right independent of force.&#8221; &#8211;Thomas Jefferson to Pierre Samuel Dupont de Nemours, 1816.  ME 14:490</td>
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&#8220;[I consider] ethics, as well as religion, as supplements to law in the government of man.&#8221; &#8211;Thomas Jefferson to Augustus B. Woodward, 1824.  ME 16:19</td>
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&#8220;Is it the less dishonest to do what is wrong, because not expressly prohibited by written law?  Let us hope our moral principles are not yet in that stage of degeneracy.&#8221; &#8211;Thomas Jefferson to John Wayles Eppes, 1813.  ME 13:360</td>
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		<title>Thomas Jefferson on National Moral Responsibility</title>
		<link>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/02/27/thomas-jefferson-on-national-moral-responsibility/</link>
		<comments>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/02/27/thomas-jefferson-on-national-moral-responsibility/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Feb 2009 13:38:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Robert Coss</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[We have been free for so long that we have forgotten our moral responsibility as a group (nation). I think we all have a responsibility to help raise the consciousness of our nation. We have to talk and speak up. &#8230; <a href="http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/02/27/thomas-jefferson-on-national-moral-responsibility/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
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<div>We have been free for so long that we have forgotten our moral responsibility as a group (nation).  I think we all have a responsibility to help raise the consciousness of our nation. We have to talk and speak up.</div>
<p>Oddly enough, my conscience was awoken to this when I was reading the Lord&#8217;s Prayer and noted Jesus teaching his disciples how to pray. He said &#8220;forgive US our debts&#8221;.  I was accustom to praying in the singular, for myself, &#8220;Father forgive ME for my debts&#8221;.  Jesus was about 30 years old at the time and about 40 years removed from the collapse of his nation.  It goes without question He saw the destructive path his nation was on.</p></div>
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<td valign="top"><!-- CLIPPED FROM: http://etext.virginia.edu/jefferson/quotations/jeff0200.htm --><br />
&#8220;A nation, as a society, forms a moral person, and every member of it is personally responsible for his society.&#8221; &#8211;Thomas Jefferson to George Hammond, 1792.  ME 16:263</td>
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&#8220;It is strangely absurd to suppose that a million of human beings, collected together, are not under the same moral laws which bind each of them separately.&#8221; &#8211;Thomas Jefferson to George Logan, 1816.  FE 10:68</td>
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&#8220;If the morality of one man produces a just line of conduct in him acting individually, why should not the morality of one hundred men produce a just line of conduct in them acting together?&#8221; &#8211;Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, 1789. ME 7:450, Papers 15:367</td>
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&#8220;The laws of humanity make it a duty for nations, as well as individuals, to succor those whom accident and distress have thrown upon them.&#8221; &#8211;Thomas Jefferson to Albert Gallatin, 1807.  ME 11:144</td>
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&#8220;Moral duties [are] as obligatory on nations as on individuals.&#8221; &#8211;Thomas Jefferson: The Anas, 1808.  ME 1:480</td>
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		<title>Jefferson&#8217;s Danbury &#8220;wall of separation&#8221; Letter Exposed</title>
		<link>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/02/21/jeffersons-danbury-wall-of-separation-letter-exposed/</link>
		<comments>http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/02/21/jeffersons-danbury-wall-of-separation-letter-exposed/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2009 14:10:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Robert Coss</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[My Church]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[My Government]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[American History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Constitution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Liberty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Revolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ron Paul]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thomas Jefferson]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[I find myself more and more in line with Jefferson&#8217;s thinking politically. clipped from www.loc.gov &#8216;A Wall of Separation&#8217; FBI Helps Restore Jefferson&#8217;s Obliterated Draft A key document on view in &#8220;Religion and the Founding of the American Republic&#8221; (see &#8230; <a href="http://robertcoss.com/blog/2009/02/21/jeffersons-danbury-wall-of-separation-letter-exposed/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>I find myself more and more in line with Jefferson&#8217;s thinking politically.</div>
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<td valign="top"><!-- CLIPPED FROM: http://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/9806/danbury.html --></p>
<div style="margin: 4px 0px; color: #000000; font-size: 20px;">&#8216;A Wall of Separation&#8217;<br />
<span>FBI Helps Restore Jefferson&#8217;s Obliterated Draft</span></div>
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<td valign="top"><!-- CLIPPED FROM: http://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/9806/danbury.html -->A key document    on view in &#8220;Religion and the Founding of the American Republic&#8221;    (see LC Information Bulletin, May 1998), is the letter from Thomas    Jefferson to the Danbury Baptists, which contains the phrase &#8220;a wall    of separation between church and state.&#8221; With the help of the FBI,    the draft of the letter, including Jefferson&#8217;s obliterated words, are now    known.</td>
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<td valign="top"><!-- CLIPPED FROM: http://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/9806/danbury.html -->computer technology could be used to uncover Jefferson&#8217;s  inked-out words</td>
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<td valign="top"><!-- CLIPPED FROM: http://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/9806/danbury.html --> the entire draft of the Danbury Baptist letter is now legible (below).</td>
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<td valign="top"><!-- CLIPPED FROM: http://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/9806/danbury.html -->By examining both documents, viewers  will be able to discern Jefferson&#8217;s true intentions in writing the celebrated  Danbury Baptist letter.</td>
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<div><img src="http://content6.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/www.loc.gov/img/FD972AC6-E073-4F54-A1F8-5FC8F28AABBD" alt="draft of letter after preservation" /></div>
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<div><img src="http://content7.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/www.loc.gov/img/1115694F-D46C-4167-A2D4-FED009AF75FF" alt="Jefferson's letter to the Danbury Baptists" /></div>
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